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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean CLKs' understanding and ability to make use of relational affordances and learning-internal factors, were significant. For instance, RIs from TS and ZL both have cited their relationships with their local professors as a major factor in their decision to avoid criticising an uncompromising professor (see the second example). This article reviews all locally published pragmatic research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on practical core topics such as: Discourse Construction Tests The discourse completion test is a commonly used instrument in pragmatic research. It has many advantages however, it also has some disadvantages. For instance, the DCT cannot take into account cultural and personal differences in communicative behavior. Additionally, the DCT is susceptible to bias and could lead to overgeneralizations. It is important to carefully analyze the data before it is used for research or assessment. Despite its limitations, the DCT is a useful tool for investigating the relationship between prosody and information structure in non-native speakers. Its ability to manipulate social variables relevant to politeness in two or more steps could be a plus. This ability can be used to study the impact of prosody across cultural contexts. In the field of linguistics the DCT has become one of the most significant instruments for analyzing learners' behavior in communication. It can be used to study various aspects that include politeness, turn taking, and lexical selection. similar website can also be used to assess the phonological difficulty of learners' speech. Recent research utilized the DCT as an instrument to test the refusal skills of EFL students. The participants were given an array of scenarios and required to choose a suitable response from the options provided. The authors discovered that the DCT to be more effective than other methods for refusing, such as videos or questionnaires. However, the researchers warned that the DCT should be used with caution and should include other data collection methods. DCTs are typically designed with specific linguistic criteria in mind, such as content and form. These criteria are based on intuition and based upon the assumptions of test creators. They are not always accurate and may misrepresent how ELF learners respond to requests in real-world interactions. This issue calls for further investigation into alternative methods of testing refusal competence. A recent study examined DCT responses to requests submitted by students via email versus the responses gathered from an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCTs preferred more direct and traditionally indirect requests and utilized more hints than email data. Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs) This study examined Chinese learners their pragmatic choices when they use Korean. It used various experimental tools including Discourse Completion Tasks, metapragmatic questions and Refusal Interviews. Participants were 46 CLKs of intermediate or higher ability who responded to DCTs and MQs. They were also asked to provide reflections on their opinions and their refusals to participate in RIs. The results showed that CLKs often chose to resist native Korean norms of pragmatism. Their choices were influenced by four factors that included their personalities and multilingual identities, their ongoing life histories and their relationship affordances. These findings have implications for pedagogy for L2 Korean assessment. The MQ data were analysed to identify the participants' pragmatic choices. The data were categorized according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, the choices were compared with their linguistic performance in DCTs to determine whether they reflected pragmatic resistance or not. The interviewees were asked to justify their choices of behavior in a particular scenario. The findings of the MQs and DCTs were then examined using descriptive statistics and z-tests. The CLKs were discovered to use euphemistic terms such as “sorry” or “thank you”. This was probably due to their lack of familiarity with the target languages, which led to an inadequate knowledge of korean's pragmatic norms. The results revealed that CLKs' preferences for converging to L1 norms or diverging from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms differed based on the DCT situations. For instance, in Situations 3 and 12 the CLKs would prefer to diverge from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms, whereas in Situation 14 they preferred converging to L1 norms. The RIs revealed that CLKs were aware of their pragmatic resistance to each DCT situation. RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis in the space of two days of the participants completing the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribing, and then coded by two independent coders. Coding was an iterative process, where the coders listened and discussed each transcript. The results of coding are evaluated against the original RI transcripts to determine if they reflected the actual behavior. Interviews for refusal The key issue in research on pragmatics is: why do some learners choose not to accept native-speaker norms? A recent study attempted to answer this question by using a variety of experimental tools, including DCTs, MQs, and RIs. The participants consisted of 46 CLKs, 44 CNSs and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities. Participants were asked to complete the DCTs and MQs either in their L1 or their L2. Then, they were invited to a RI where they were required to consider their responses to the DCT situations. The results showed that CLKs on average, did not adhere to the patterns of native speakers in more than 40 percent of their responses. They did this even though they were able to create patterns that closely resembled native speakers. They were also aware of their pragmatic resistance. They attributed their resistance to learner-internal variables such as their personality and multilingual identities. They also mentioned external factors, such as relationships and advantages. For example, they described how their relationships with professors facilitated an easier performance in regards to the intercultural and linguistic norms of their university. However, the interviewees also expressed concern about the social pressures and consequences that they could be subjected to if they strayed from their social norms. They were worried that their native interactants might perceive them as “foreigners” and think they are not intelligent. This worry was similar to the one expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009). 프라그마틱 정품확인방법 suggest that native speakers pragmatic norms aren't the preferred norm for Korean learners. They could still be useful for official Korean proficiency tests. But it is advisable for future researchers to reconsider their usefulness in particular situations and in various contexts. This will help them better understand the impact of different cultural contexts on the behavior of students and classroom interactions of students in L2. Additionally it will assist educators to develop more effective methodologies to teach and test the korea-based pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risk consultancy. Case Studies The case study method is an investigative strategy that uses participant-centered, in-depth investigations to explore a specific subject. It is a method that makes use of multiple data sources to support the findings, including interviews and observations, documents, and artifacts. This kind of research is ideal for studying complicated or unique subjects that are difficult to quantify with other methods. The first step in the case study is to define the subject and the objectives of the study. This will allow you to determine which aspects of the subject matter are essential for investigation and which ones can be omitted. It is also useful to read the literature to gain a better understanding of the subject and place the situation in a wider theoretical context. This study was conducted on an open source platform, the KMMLU leaderboard [50], and its Korean-specific benchmarks, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar (figure 1 below). The results of this study showed that L2 Korean learners were highly dependent on the influence of native models. They tended to choose wrong answer options which were literal interpretations. This was a deviation from the correct pragmatic inference. They also had an inclination to add their own text or “garbage,” to their responses, which further hampered their response quality. The participants in this study were L2 Korean students who had attained level four on the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their third or second university year and were aiming to reach level six by their next attempt. They were asked questions about their WTC/SPCC, pragmatic awareness and understanding knowledge of the world. Interviewees were presented with two scenarios that involved interaction with their counterparts and were asked to choose one of the strategies below to use when making a demand. They were then asked to explain the reasons behind their decision. Most participants attributed their pragmatic opposition to their personalities. For instance, TS claimed that she was difficult to connect to, and she therefore was reluctant to inquire about her interactant's well-being with an intense workload, even though she believed that native Koreans would do this.